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以下是小编整理的托福阅读速度有哪些要求精选3篇，欢迎阅读与收藏。
第1篇: 托福阅读速度有哪些要求
托福阅读如何提升速度?请学会带着目的主动阅读
托福阅读提速要带着目的主动阅读
大多数考生在考试时，逮到文章就来读，一点目的性都没有，反正做阅读就是文章肯定要读一遍的。其实这样的做法是会影响你的阅读速度的，到了做题时，你可能还要来重新阅读一篇文章的。那么怎么样做才是正确的阅读方法，能够为你的阅读速度提升呢?
在阅读文章前，你应该先将文章的题目分析一下，并在头脑中预测一下文章的内容。如是这样做了之后，你就会在阅读时留意文章的主旨，对于你的阅读来说是非常有帮助的。在阅读的过程中，考生有几点需要注意千万不要在阅读时这样做，否则也是对你的阅读速度有很大的影响的。
1、出声阅读
2、回读
3、逐句读
这3点都会影响到你的阅读速度，那么接下来的方法就可以让你的托福阅读提速了：
1、借助于工具
2、限时阅读
3、意群阅读和找关键词。
托福阅读提速要克服词汇量限制
在托福阅读考试中，词汇量如果有限的话，将会严重牵制你的阅读速度，这是不言而明的。在阅读文章的时候，如果有词汇你不认识，你就会花上一些时间和精力去分析这个词是什么意思，在这句话，甚至是这段中是什么作用，这样大大的延长了考生的阅读时间，那么对于托福阅读有限的时间来说就是非常不被允许的。
在托福阅读考试中，如果你能能够推理出不熟悉词汇周围的词汇意义，那么你将能保证你的阅读速度。简单来说就是，你必须拥有基础英语词汇和搭配4000-4500个，这相当于大学英语四级的水平，再加上一些专业词汇个，那么再加上延展的词汇，那么你的托福考试词汇量才能达到要求。ETS官方给出的关于提升词汇知识的干货就有：Continually expand your vocabulary knowledge.
托福阅读提速要有过硬的句型分析能力
很多考生认为在托福考试中没有词汇是万万不可的，但是光有词汇，你的托福阅读就OK了吗?在托福阅读考试中，如果每个单词你都认识的话，那么问题就来了，如果你还是不能了解句子的意思的话，那样你同样是在影响你的阅读速度。(单词全都认识，并不代表你对句子意思都了解。)所以除了掌握克服词汇之外，你还要具备过硬的句型分析能力。
在英语文章当中，常见的句型有各种从句，时态等这些往往会让考生不明所以，故而句型成为考生最为头疼的一个语法难点，考生只有能快速的定位并了解阅读句型，那么将对你的阅读速度提升有很大的帮助。在这些句型当中，你要搞清楚谁修饰什么，明白各个句子成分的主次关系，这就是我们平时学习语法中要好好关注的。
托福考试的四大最新动向
第一，对于每一项考试来说，改革是必不可少的，但是托福在一年之内没有改革计划，而且ETS强大的统计分析团队将会确保等值的难度水平。
第二，就我们所知，托福考试的评分不是按照对多少道题目来核算，而是把原始分数参照评分表，转化成0-30范围内的标准分数。然而ETS代表指出，托福评分对照表并不是固定不变的，ETS会根据试卷的难度制定不同的转换标准。
第三，ETS不承认有经典加试这一说法，所以对于每一道题学生都应认真对待，千万不能认为是所谓的“加试题”而不去作答，如果不作答，将会影响成绩。
第四，虽然ETS官方没有具体说明，但是ETS确实存在作弊识别机制，所以劝诫学生一定要凭借真实实力通过托福考试，这样也有利于学生在国外的学习和生活。
通过本次会议，我们可以对托福整体备考有一个新的认识，下面我就阅读科目的学习为大家提出几点建议。
首先，托福阅读考察十大题型中除了指代题没有被归类之外，剩余的九大题型可以被归类到三个考察目的当中，主要考察考生三种能力：基本理解能力，学习能力，推理能力。其中，基本理解能力通过词汇题，句子简化题，事实信息题，否定事实题来考察;学习能力通过文章小结题和分类组织信息题来考察;推理能力通过推理题，修辞目的题，句子插入题来考察。在今后题型部分的学习中，学员可以多考虑ETS的考察目的，从而更好地把握题目的解决方案，例如：平时备考过程中加入2分钟快速总结文章段意的练习。通过这种方式，考生可以练习快速理解段落内容的能力，对于小结题的解答非常有帮助。
其次，托福考试主要考察的是学生的学术水平，所以阅读中所考察的文章也是学术类的文章，比如天文类，地理类，植物类等。虽然ETS希望能够尽量屏蔽背景知识对考试结果的影响，但是ETS默认学生需要具备最基本的背景知识，所以背景知识的扩展是很有必要的，考生不仅需要背学科词汇，而且还需要对一些常考的学科话题有一些基本的了解。
托福阅读背景知识之“月球村moon village”
Head of the European Space Agency, Johann-Dietrich Woerner has revealed ideas for an international ‘Moon Village’ that combines the capabilities of space-faring nations around the world.
欧洲航天局(ESA)的负责人约翰-迪特里希•韦尔纳已经公布了国际“月球村”的想法，这个计划将联合全世界航天水平先进的国家的力量。
This settlement - which could be available by 2030 - would be built using natural resources from the lunar surface to create a permanent base for the purpose of science, business, and even tourism.
这个开拓地——有可能在2030年前可供使用——将利用来自月球表面的自然资源进行建设，为科学、商业甚至是旅游业提供永久性的基地。
Woerner describes the proposed Moon Village in a recent video released by the Esa.
韦尔纳在欧洲航天局最近发布的一段视频中描述了这个提议中的“月球村”。
The expert recommends settlement at the poles or in areas of constant daylight on the far side of the moon.
这位专家建议将“月球村”建设在月球两极，或建设在月球远端能够长期暴露于日光下的区域。
At the South Pole, in a region of continuous darkness, humans could access water to produce hydrogen and oxygen.
月球南极是一个持续黑暗的区域，在这里，人类能够接触到水，以生产氢和氧。
And in the shadow of the moon, he explains, settlers would be protected from incoming cosmic and solar radiation.
他解释称，在月球的阴影里，开拓者们将免于受到宇宙和太阳辐射的伤害。
The Moon Village idea aims to be a versatile facility that opens the door for deeper space exploration, while also acting as a hub for business or mining.
“月球村”的目的是建立一个多种用途的设施，为进行更深入的太空探索创造条件，同时还能用作一个商业或采矿的中心。
And, the expert says it could be used recreationally for tourists.
此外，这位专家称，这里可以被用作游客们的游憩场所。
While many nations – in particular the US – have their sights set on the journey to Mars, Woerner says a Moon Village is a closer reality.
虽然很多国家——尤其是美国——把目标定在火星之旅上，但韦尔纳称，“月球村”是一种更加贴近现实的做法。
The ESA Director General says the Moon Village would join American, Russian, Chinese, Indian, and Japanese space agencies, along with smaller contributions from other countries.
这位欧洲航天局负责人称，“月球村”将联合美国、俄罗斯、中国、印度和日本的航空机构，其他一些国家也将贡献自己的微薄之力。
托福阅读如何通过技巧解决70%的问题
TOEFL阅读理解满分的出现必须依赖于三个方面的训练：
1.词汇
从某种意义上来讲，词汇量的大小是TOEF L阅读理解高分的基础和关键。如果词汇量没有达到基本要求(五千以上)，纵然你有“葵花宝典”在手，也只能命丧ETS的“毒招”之下。所以，以牺牲词汇量为代价的技巧练习简直是一味巨毒无比。
2.通过练习使学生养成高效的阅读方法——即所谓的阅读技巧
TOEFL的阅读量非常大，一般的中国考生根本无法把文章全部读完，所谓的“扫读法”、“跳读法”和“略读法”也只能适用于少数类型的文章，根本不能解决本质问题。那么，文章到底应该怎么读法呢?一句话，主动地阅读文章的关键部位。所谓主动是指不能象一般的阅读那样完全被动地接受信息，而应该不断的进行思考和预测;所谓关键部位，主要是每一段的开头和结尾部分。由于TOEFL的阅读理解文章全部选自于正式出版物，文章的逻辑结构非常完整和严谨，而且出现的逻辑模式也是屈指可数。经过系统的训练，考生的预测可以做到非常准确的程度。这样，通过阅读文章的几处关键部位，就能很快地把握整个文章的结构和内在的逻辑关系，也就解决了问题的70%。
3.解题训练
排除法恐怕是一直以来大多数学生在解阅读理题目时使用最多的方法。事实上，这种方法具有致命的缺点：干扰大、费时间。更有效和迅速的办法是读完题干之后，就在脑子反映出一个模糊的或者是不完整的答案，然后直接在选项中寻找接近的答案进行判断。这种能力必须在平时的训练和讲解中逐渐养成和加强，决非什么技巧之类的东西可以替代。
除了上述三方面的训练之外，如果能够对一些基本的背景知识加以补充的话，更能确保阅读理解的准确率和速度。
所以真正的TOEFL“宝典”并不是去学习一些技巧，而是在训练中养成一种无意识的使用技巧的习惯，做到“心无技巧”的忘我境界。
第2篇: 托福阅读速度有哪些要求
托福阅读的时间是按篇来给的，也就是每篇托福阅读文章只给你20分钟的时间完成。
另外大家要注意的就是时间来不及的情况。这就要求大家平时训练时候，还是坚持一次性原则为好，尽量把答完一篇文章的时间控制在16分钟内，这是一个参考标准，如果达不到这个阅读速度，面临真题时候就会遭遇很大的难度。
提升托福阅读速度的方法
一、略读
略读又称跳读(readingandskipping)或浏览(glancing)，是一种专门的，非常实用的快速阅读技能。
略读有下列几个特点：
A、以极快的速度阅读文章，寻找字面上或事实上的主要信息和少量的阐述信息。
B、可以跳过某个部分或某些部分不读。
C、理解水平可以稍低一些，但也不能太低。
二、快速泛读(fastextensivereading)
这里讲的泛读是指广泛阅读大量涉及不同领域的文章，要求读得快，理解和掌握文中的主要内容就可以。要确定一个明确的阅读定额，定额要结合自己的实际，可多可少，例如每天读20页。
三、计时阅读(timedreading)
计时阅读每次进行5～10分钟即可，不宜太长。因为计时快速阅读，精力高度集中，时间一长，容易疲劳，精力分散反而乏味。
四、寻读(Scanning)
寻读又称查读，同略读一样，寻读也是一种快速阅读技巧。
寻读是一种从大量的资料中迅速查找某一项具体事实或某一项特定信息，如人物、事件、时间、地点、数字等，而对其它无关部分略去不读的快速阅读方法。
掌握了方法之后需要在平常多加练习，到了考试时才能用的得心应手。
托福阅读材料：电视相亲
Eye-gazing party is a dating trend based on the practice of speed-dating in which participants do not speak to each other but instead, gaze at each other for a set amount of time before moving on.
Eye-gazing party(对眼相亲会)是在速配相亲基础上发展起来的一种相亲形式。参与对眼相亲会的男女彼此之间不用开口说话，而是在限定的时间内盯着对方看，时间一到就换个人继续看。
Someone describes the experience as “having a conversation with another person"s face”, while others believe eye contact can reveal one’s attraction faster than anything else.
有人将这种相亲会描述为“跟另一个人的脸对话”，也有人认为眼神交流比任何行为都能更快散发一个人的魅力。
托福阅读材料练习：肺部有味觉
Take a deep breath. Taste anything? Actually, your lungs may. Because scientists have discovered that the same receptors that exist on the tongue to taste bitter substances are also found on the smooth muscle of the lungs.
Researchers were studying the receptors on smooth lung muscles that regulate contraction and relaxation of theairways. That’s when they made the discovery—which was so unexpected that the researchers themselves were skeptical.
Finally, they became convinced that the receptors were really there, though not clustered in taste buds as they are on the tongue. The scientists then exposed human and mouse airways to various bitter compounds to gauge the effects.
Many toxic compounds are bitter, so the researchers expected the lung muscle to tense up and contract—to compel the breather to move away from whatever was bitter and perhaps toxic. But, in a second surprise, bitter compounds relaxed and opened airways better than any existing asthma drug. The study is in the journal Nature Medicine. [Deepak Deshpande et al., “Bitter taste receptors on airway smooth muscle bronchodilate by localized calcium signaling and reverse obstruction”]
Researchers will continue to search for the role of the receptors. Meanwhile, the work represents a surprising new lead in the search for drugs to treat asthma, emphysema or chronic bronchitis.
—Cynthia Graber
托福阅读练习：考试助于学习
Tests aren"t just a way for teachers to torture their students, according to a new study that finds the brain encodes better mental hints during test-taking than during studying alone.
考试不仅仅是老师用来折磨学生的手段，因为最新研究表明，考试时大脑消化吸收学习材料的效果要比只是学习看书时产生的效果好一些。
Although many people view tests as a way to mark and grade students" progress, research has found that the act of retrieving information from memory actually makes remembering it easier. In other words, tests improve learning.
人们把考试视作给学生进步打分的工具，然而研究发现，从记忆中检索信息这一行为可使人们记东西更加容易。换句话说，考试能让你学识渊博。
The study author Mary Pyc, a postdoctoral fellow at Washington University in St. Louis and her co-author Katherine Rawson investigated pieces of information called “mediators.” Mediators are concepts, ideas or phrases that connect one piece of information to another. To be a good mediator, the idea has to be both easy to remember and easy to link to the information you"re trying to retrieve.
该研究论文的撰稿人、华盛顿大学博士后玛丽-佩克和她的同事凯瑟琳-罗森着手于研究名为“介质”的信息碎片。“介质”实际上就是一些概念、观点或者短语，它们是连接各条信息的桥梁。要成为优质“介质”，相关观点必须易记且和你要检索的信息相关。
To investigate the effect of testing on mediators, Pyc and Rawson had 118 English-speaking participants learn 48 Swahili words. Some of the learners took tests on the information and then got to restudy the material before being tested again. Others only studied and restudied without tests.
为了调查考试对“介质”产生的效果，佩克和罗森让118名讲英语人士学习48个斯瓦希里语的单词。在之后的实验中，一部分学习者对所学内容进行测试，然后在再次测试前重新学习。而另一些人则只是学习、再学习，没有测试。
A week after learning the words, each group took a final test. Some tests required them to give the English translation from the Swahlii word alone. Another group got a test that gave them the Swahili word plus the mediator they"d used when learning the words. A third group not only had to translate the word, but they also had to remember and write down their mediator word.
一周后，每组都会进行一次期终考试。一组被要求写出斯瓦希里语某些单词的意思，而另一组则在释义时研究者给他们看了自己学习时曾使用的“介质”。第三组不仅需要给单词释义，还要记住并写下自己当时使用的“介质”。
Overall, the group that took practice tests did three times better than the study-only group. In addition, more test practice made for better mediators. Those who had to recall both their mediator and the translation got scores averaging 51 percent if they"d been in the pretesting group and just 34 percent if they"d only studied. Those who didn"t have to remember their mediator, just link it to the translation, also did much better if they"d completed practice tests.
总体来讲，经常做测试的那一组的考试结果要比不做测试的那一组好出三倍。此外，测试较多使得学习者使用的“介质”也较好。需要回忆“介质”以及释义的小组成员中，先前在测试较多小组中学习的成员平均分为51分，而那些曾在不测试小组中学习过的成员平均仅为34分。而在考试中不被要求回忆“介质”只需释义的人群，倘若之前做过较多测试，考试成绩也要好得多。
第3篇: 托福阅读速度有哪些要求
如何训练托福阅读速度
一. 阅读文章读不懂，如何提升阅读速度
托福阅读文章还是有一定难度的，很多同学初次接触托福都觉得托福文章读不懂或者需要花费很久才能弄懂意思。那么读不懂文章如何提升阅读速度呢?从根本上讲，阅读读不懂是因为词汇量和语法基础太差。所以建议先背托福词汇，看一遍基础语法知识。词汇是阅读的根基，没有词汇量做基础，阅读速度是不可能有很大提升的。托福阅读要求大家有很快的阅读速度，如果一篇阅读中生词太多，就算快速读完也不知道文章的意思。除了背单词之外，还要掌握基本的语法知识，英语句子结构与中文很不相同，掌握语法知识有助于大家理解文章中的长难句。所以总的来说，文章读不懂要先将基本功练扎实。
二. 题目做太慢，如何提升做题速度
有的同学表示，阅读文章能读懂，但就是题目做的太慢，所以做阅读总是超时。题目做的慢，其实是因为缺乏做题技巧，不能快速在原文中定位题目位置。阅读打好基础以后，要学习一些做题的技巧，比如小结题应该通读文章段落找答案，推理题要根据文章意思推理得出，词汇题要将选项带入原句看是否通顺……做题技巧是提升阅读做题速度的高效方法。托福阅读题目是按顺序出题，基本上按照文章的文章结构对应题目，大家在做题的时候要快速定位题目位置，结合上下文快速选出答案。托福阅读题目中很多选项似是而非非常具有迷惑性，一定要提高辨别能力，选择最佳选项。
三. 课外练习很重要
托福阅读速度考验大家的英语基本功，提升阅读速度也需要大家在利用空暇时间多练习。多刷题是有帮助的，除了刷题之外，大家还要多去阅读英文报刊杂志。很多同学看到一篇冗长的托福阅读时，心里的压力感倍增，感觉似乎“不可能完成”。大家平时在课余时间多读英文报刊杂志，就会习惯英语的长篇文章，能减少心理上的压力感，也能提升自己的阅读速度。而且大家在阅读英文报刊杂志的过程中还能积累生词，扩充知识面，可谓一举多得，何乐而不为。
阅读硬实力才是托福阅读高分的关键
有托福考生说，老托的阅读要比新托简单得多，甚至不看文章也能做对题。其实不然。我们知道，原来老托是350字一篇文章，10分钟。现在新托是700字左右一篇文章，20分钟内完成12-14题。按照时间比例来说，时间对考生是绰绰有余的。但是为什么众多考生还是会有这样的感觉呢?
问题就出在托福的题目上，现在新托福阅读的题目四个选项长度呈不断加长趋势。有很多考生用在理解题目和选项的时间就远远超过答题时间。这样的话就直接影响了后面题目的答题质量。如果出现阅读加试，很多考生就一个头两个大了。
这主要还是因为考生在准备新托福阅读考试过程中太注重技巧的提炼，而忘记了学习英语最根本的还是在对语言的掌握上。因此在这里给大家提几点复习新托福阅读的几点建议：
1. 如果基础一般的同学，想要参加托福考试，最好提前3-4个月准备起来。一本好的词汇书是必不可少的。其实背哪一本词汇书不是重点所在，重要的是能够持之以恒，每天对所背的词汇进行复习和总结。因为你在做词汇题时如果能遇到你熟悉的词，可以节省你会到文章中去看上下文猜词的时间。虽然不能保证背到就一定能考到，但是单词可以帮助你更好的理解文章。曾经有一名语言专家这样说过：“Without grammar， little can be conveyed and without vocabulary， nothing can be conveyed.”足以说明词汇的重要性。
2. 然后要从理解文章的结构开始理解文章。我们要明白，托福考试的阅读文章都是北美校园基础课程的文章，基本没有做过改动。所以文章的结构就是完全按照美式作文的五段法，我们的考生只要用这样的方式去分析每一篇文章，就会发现他们的结构是大同小异的。
3. 积累背景知识对我们来说相当的重要，因此我们在做新托福阅读的题目的同时，也应该在空余的时候多阅读课外读物，原版杂志。譬如，国家地理，自然，今日美国等一些著名的原版杂志，这不仅可以扩充我们的背景知识，同时也可以补充我们在词汇量上的不足。
4. 在复习的最后阶段，做做模拟练习题是必不可少的。如果有条件的话，最好做一下模考软件。因为这样可以模仿新托福机考的真实场景。比较推荐的模考软件有Barron， Kaplan以及一些比较权威的模考网站。当然在你报名时托福官方网站提供给你的那一套不完整的模考题也是很有参考价值的。
托福阅读真题1
The mineral particles found in soil range in size from microscopic clay particles to large boulders. The most abundant particles — sand, silt, and clay — are the focus of examination in studies of soil texture. Texture is the term used to describe the composite sizes of particles in a soil sample, typically several representative handfuls.
To measure soil texture, the sand, silt, and clay particles are sorted out by size and weight. The weights of each size are then expressed as a percentage of the sample weight. In the field, soil texture can be estimated by extracting a handful of soil and squeezing the damp soil into three basic shapes; (1) cast, a lump formed by squeezing a sample in a clenched fist; (2) thread, a pencil shape formed by rolling soil between the palms; and (3) ribbon, a flatfish shape formed by squeezing a small sample between the thumb and index finger. The behavioral characteristics of the soil when molded into each of these shapes, if they can be formed at all, provide the basis for a general textural classification. The behavior of the soil in the hand test is determined by the amount of clay in the sample. Clay particles are highly cohesive, and when dampened, behave as a plastic. Therefore the higher the clay content in a sample, the more refined and durable the shapes into which it can be molded.
Another method of determining soil texture involves the use of devices called sediment sieves, screens built with a specified mesh size. When the soil is filtered through a group of sieves, each with a different mesh size, the particles become grouped in corresponding size categories. Each category can be weighed to make a textural determination. Although sieves work well for silt, sand, and larger particles, they are not appropriate for clay particles. Clay is far too small to sieve accurately; therefore, in soils with a high proportion of clay, the fine particles are measured on the basis of their settling velocity when suspended in water. Since clays settle so slowly, they are easily segregated from sand and silt. The water can be drawn off and evaporated, leaving a residue of clay, which can be weighed.?
1. What does the passage mainly discuss?
(A) Characteristics of high quality soil
(B) Particles typically found in most soils
(C) How a high clay content affects the texture of soil
(D) Ways to determine the texture of soil
2. The author mentions several representative handfuls in line 4 in order to show
(A) the range of soil samples
(B) the process by which soil is weighed
(C) the requirements for an adequate soil sample
(D) how small soil particles are weighted
3. The phrase sorted out in line 5 is closest in meaning to
(A) mixed
(B) replaced
(C) carried
(D) separated
4. It can be inferred that the names of the three basic shapes mentioned in paragraph 2 reflect
(A) the way the soil is extracted
(B) the results of squeezing the soil
(C) the need to check more than one handful
(D) the difficulty of forming different shapes
5. The word dampened in line 14 is closest in meaning to
(A) damaged
(B) stretched
(C) moistened
(D) examined
6. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage about a soil sample with little or no
clay in it?
(A) It is not very heavy.
(B) It may not hold its shape when molded.
(C) Its shape is durable
(D) Its texture cannot be classified
7. The word they in line 21 refers to
(A) categories
(B) sieves
(C) larger particles
(D) clay particles
8. It can be inferred from the passage that the sediment sieve has an advantage over the hand
test in determining soil texture because
(A) using the sieve takes less time
(B) the sieve can measure clay
(C) less training is required to use the sieve
(D) the sieve allows for a more exact measure
9. During the procedure described in paragraph 3, when clay particles are placed into water they
(A) stick to the sides of the water container
(B) take some time to sink to the bottom
(C) separate into different sizes
(D) dissolve quickly
10. The word fine in line 24 is closest in meaning to
(A) tiny
(B) many
(C) excellent
(D) various
11. All of the following words are defined in the passage EXCEPT
(A) texture (line 3)
(B) ribbon (line 10)
(C) sediment sieves (line 18)
(D) evaporated (line 25)
PASSAGE 27 DADBC BBDBA D
托福阅读真题2
The end of the nineteenth century and the early years of the twentieth century were marked by the development of an international Art Nouveau style, characterized by sinuous lines, floral and vegetable motifs, and soft evanescent coloration. The Art Nouveau style was an eclectic one, bringing together elements of Japanese art, motifs of ancient cultures, and natural forms. The glass objects of this style were elegant in outline, although often deliberately distorted, with pale or iridescent surfaces. A favored device of the style was to imitate the iridescent surface seen on ancient glass that had been buried. Much of the Art Nouveau glass produced during the years of its greatest popularity had been generically termed art glass. Art glass was intended for decorative purposes and relied for its effect upon carefully chosen color combinations and innovative techniques.
France produced a number of outstanding exponents of the Art Nouveau style; among the most celebrated was Emile Galle (1846-1904). In the United States, Louis Comfort Tiffany (1843-1933) was the most noted exponent of this style, producing a great variety of glass forms and surfaces, which were widely copied in their time and are highly prized today. Tiffany was a brilliant designer, successfully combining ancient Egyptian, Japanese, and Persian motifs.
The Art Nouveau style was a major force in the decorative arts from 1895 until 1915, although its influence continued throughout the mid-1920"s. It was eventually to be overtaken by a new school of thought known as Functionalism that had been present since the turn of the century. At first restricted to a small avant-garde group of architects and designers, Functionalism emerged as the dominant influence upon designers after the First World War. The basic tenet of the movement — that function should determine form — was not a new concept. Soon a distinct aesthetic code evolved: form should be simple, surfaces plain, and any ornament should be based on geometric relationships. This new design concept, coupled with the sharp postwar reactions to the styles and conventions of the preceding decades, created an entirely new public taste which caused Art Nouveau types of glass to fall out of favor. The new taste demanded dramatic effects of contrast, stark outline and complex textural surfaces.
1. What does paragraph 1 mainly discuss?
(A) Design elements in the Art Nouveau style
(B) The popularity of the Art Nouveau style
(C) Production techniques for art glass
(D) Color combinations typical of the Art Nouveau style
2. The word one in line 4 refers to
(A) century
(B) development
(C) style
(D) coloration
3. Paragraph 1 mentions that Art Nouveau glass was sometimes similar to which aspect of ancient buried glass ?
(A) The distortion of the glass
(B) The appearance of the glass surface
(C) The shapes of the glass objects
(D) The size of the glass objects
4. What is the main purpose of paragraph 2?
(A) to compare different Art Nouveau styles
(B) to give examples of famous Art Nouveau artists
(C) to explain why Art Nouveau glass was so popular in the United States
(D) to show the impact Art Nouveau had on other cultures around the world
5. The word prized in line 16 is closest in meaning to
(A) valued
(B) universal
(C) uncommon
(D) preserved
6. The word overtaken in line 20 is closest in meaning to
(A) surpassed
(B) inclined
(C) expressed
(D) applied
7. What does the author mean by stating that function should determine form (lines 23-24)?
(A) A useful object should not be attractive.
(B) The purpose of an object should influence its form.
(C) The design of an object is considered more significant than its function.
(D) The form of an object should not include decorative elements.
8. It can be inferred from the passage that one reason Functionalism became popular was that it
(A) clearly distinguished between art and design
(B) appealed to people who liked complex painted designs
(C) reflected a common desire to break from the past
(D) was easily interpreted by the general public
9. Paragraph 3 supports which of the following statements about Functionalism?
(A) Its design concept avoided geometric shapes.
(B) It started on a small scale and then spread gradually.
(C) It was a major force in the decorative arts before the First World War.
(D) It was not attractive to architects and designers.
10. According to the passage , an object made in the Art Nouveau style would most likely include
(A) a flowered design
(B) bright colors
(C) modern symbols
(D) a textured surface
PASSAGE 28 ACBBA ABCBA